Abstract
The measurement of chemicals, their metabolites, or reaction products in biological matrices is a technique known as biomonitoring of exposure. Biomonitoring is not a new technique, but has been used since the late 1800s in occupational exposure assessment. Today, biomonitoring is usedin both occupational and environmental medicine and is increasingly used to evaluate “background” or typical human exposures to environmental contaminants to assist in risk assessment, risk mitigation, and disease prevention.