Abstract
Athletes train to achieve optimal performance at their particular sport by maximizing training stimulus, adaptation, and fine-tuning their skills. Incorporation of dietary strategies that support training goals and delay fatigue during an event are of the utmost importance to both athlete and coach. Sports nutrition is an evolving research area providing scientifically validated information for performance improvement. This chapter outlines energy needs for athletes and provides novel recommendations for macro- and micronutrient intake supported by science.