Temperate infection in a virus-host system previously known for virulent dynamics

Ben Knowles; Juan A Bonachela; Michael J Behrenfeld; Karen G Bondoc; B B Cael; Craig A Carlson; Nick Cieslik; Ben Diaz; Heidi L Fuchs; Jason R Graff; Juris A Grasis; Kimberly H Halsey; Liti Haramaty; Christopher T Johns; Frank Natale; Jozef I Nissimov; Brittany Schieler; Kimberlee Thamatrakoln; T Frede Thingstad; Selina Våge; Cliff Watkins; Toby K Westberry; Kay D Bidle

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18078-4

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Temperate infection in a virus-host system previously known for virulent dynamics

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Temperate infection in a virus-host system previously known for virulent dynamics

Ben Knowles, Juan A Bonachela, Michael J Behrenfeld, Karen G Bondoc, B B Cael, Craig A Carlson, Nick Cieslik, Ben Diaz, Heidi L Fuchs, Jason R Graff, …

Nature communications, Vol.11(1), pp.4626-4626

09/15/2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18078-4

PMID: 32934228

Abstract

Haptophyta - physiology

Haptophyta - virology

Host-Pathogen Interactions

Models, Biological

Plant Viruses - pathogenicity

Plant Viruses - physiology

Virulence

The blooming cosmopolitan coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and its viruses (EhVs) are a model for density-dependent virulent dynamics. EhVs commonly exhibit rapid viral reproduction and drive host death in high-density laboratory cultures and mesocosms that simulate blooms. Here we show that this system exhibits physiology-dependent temperate dynamics at environmentally relevant E. huxleyi host densities rather than virulent dynamics, with viruses switching from a long-term non-lethal temperate phase in healthy hosts to a lethal lytic stage as host cells become physiologically stressed. Using this system as a model for temperate infection dynamics, we present a template to diagnose temperate infection in other virus-host systems by integrating experimental, theoretical, and environmental approaches. Finding temperate dynamics in such an established virulent host-virus model system indicates that temperateness may be more pervasive than previously considered, and that the role of viruses in bloom formation and decline may be governed by host physiology rather than by host-virus densities.

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Title: Temperate infection in a virus-host system previously known for virulent dynamics
Creators: Ben Knowles - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. benjaminwilliamknowles@gmail.com
Juan A Bonachela - Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Michael J Behrenfeld - Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
Karen G Bondoc - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
B B Cael - National Oceanography Centre, SO14 3ZH, Southampton, UK
Craig A Carlson - Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
Nick Cieslik - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Ben Diaz - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Heidi L Fuchs - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Jason R Graff - Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
Juris A Grasis - School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, 95343, USA
Kimberly H Halsey - Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
Liti Haramaty - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Christopher T Johns - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Frank Natale - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Jozef I Nissimov - Department of Biology and the Waterloo Centre for Microbial Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
Brittany Schieler - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Kimberlee Thamatrakoln - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
T Frede Thingstad - Marine Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
Selina Våge - Marine Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
Cliff Watkins - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
Toby K Westberry - Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
Kay D Bidle - Department of Marine and Coastal Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. bidle@marine.rutgers.edu
Publication Details: Nature communications, Vol.11(1), pp.4626-4626
Date published: 09/15/2020
Academic Unit: Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources (SEBS); Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences; Marine and Coastal Sciences (SEBS); Institute of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Identifiers: 991031665722104646