Abstract
This historical perspective is focused on the contribution of Hildegard E. Peplau in laying the foundation for Advanced Practice Nursing and the development of the roles of Clinical Nurse Specialists and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioners. An overview is provided of legal developments within the state that enabled Advanced Practice Nurses to provide mental health services. A description of a recent specialized state-funded initiative is outlined, focused on the development and contributions of Psychiatric Advanced Practice Nurses in community settings in New Jersey. Implications for the Advanced Practice Nursing role in New Jersey are presented based on national and state initiatives.